Automatic weaning based on individual solid feed intake: Effects on behavior and performance of dairy calves

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Dairy Science
• Animal Nutrition

Background:

• Traditional calf weaning relies on fixed age or solid feed intake.
• Starter intake-based weaning offers potential for individualized calf management.
• Variability in weaning age and milk consumption necessitates research into alternative weaning strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• Compare feeding behavior and performance of calves weaned by age versus starter intake.
• Investigate early versus late weaning outcomes within a starter intake-based strategy.
• Evaluate the impact of different weaning protocols on calf growth and development.

Main Methods:

• Experiment 1: Dairy calves randomly assigned to age-weaning (d 70) or intake-weaning protocols.
• Experiment 2: Intake-weaning protocol with extended time for target achievement, categorizing calves into early and late weaners.
• Utilized automatic milk feeders and monitored milk intake, starter consumption, feeder visits, and growth parameters post-weaning.

Main Results:

• Intake-weaned calves consumed significantly less milk and more starter, achieving comparable final weights to age-weaned calves.
• Early-weaned calves (by intake) showed greater average daily gain and higher final weights than late-weaned calves.
• A portion of calves required extended time to meet starter intake targets, highlighting the need for flexible weaning plans.

Conclusions:

• Weaning dairy calves based on starter intake is a viable alternative to age-based weaning, potentially reducing milk consumption while maintaining growth.
• Individualized weaning strategies, considering starter intake, can optimize calf performance and allow for tailored management.
• Allowing sufficient time for calves to reach starter intake targets is crucial for successful weaning outcomes.