Developments on antibiotics for multidrug resistant bacterial Gram-negative infections
Georgios L Voulgaris1,2, Maria L Voulgari1,3, Matthew E Falagas1,4,5
1a Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Athens , Greece.
Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|April 23, 2019
Summary
New antibiotics combatting multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are emerging. While promising, truly novel agents are needed to overcome resistance and ensure long-term effectiveness against critical infections.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Rising threat of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR GNB) infections globally.
- Longstanding pause in antibiotic development pipeline.
- Urgent need for novel therapeutic agents against resistant pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review recent advancements in antibiotics targeting critical MDR GNB.
- Summarize approved and late-stage development antibiotic agents.
- Provide expert opinion on the current and future landscape of antibiotic therapy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recently approved antibiotic formulations.
- Analysis of agents in advanced clinical development stages.
- Discussion of specific drug classes including β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, novel cephalosporins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and pleuromutilins.
Main Results:
- Several new antibiotic formulations are available or in late-stage development.
- These agents offer new options for treating serious infections caused by MDR GNB.
- New drugs include cefiderocol, eravacycline, plazomicin, delafloxacin, finafloxacin, and lefamulin.
Conclusions:
- Recent antibiotic introductions are a positive step against MDR GNB.
- Most new antibiotics are modifications of existing structures, raising concerns about longevity.
- Increased investment in truly innovative antibiotic discovery is crucial to combat resistance effectively.
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