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Related Concept Videos

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused01:27

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

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Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
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Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused01:20

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Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Coping strategy in persons with low vision or blindness - an exploratory study.

Puja Rai1, Jolly Rohatgi1, Upreet Dhaliwal1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi - 95, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Positive coping strategies significantly improve the quality of life (QoL) for individuals with visual disabilities. Understanding and promoting adaptive coping mechanisms is crucial for enhancing well-being in patients with low vision or blindness.

Keywords:
BlindnessIND-VFQ33coping strategylowproactive coping inventoryquality of lifevisionvision-related quality of life

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Coping strategies significantly impact the quality of life (QoL) for individuals experiencing visual impairment.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing effective support interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the coping strategies used by patients diagnosed with low vision or blindness.
  • To investigate the relationship between coping mechanisms and vision-related quality of life (VRQoL).

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 60 patients (aged 25-65) with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 6/18 in the better eye for at least six months.
  • Data collected included demographics, co-morbidities, BCVA, coping strategies (Proactive Coping Inventory), and VRQoL (IND-VFQ33).
  • Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and t-tests (P < 0.05 significance).

Main Results:

  • The study included 60 participants, with 55% being women. Participants presented with varying degrees of vision loss, including low vision (41.7%) and different types of blindness (8.3% economic, 50.0% social).
  • The mean total coping score was 142 ± 26.43. Vision-related quality of life scores indicated challenges in general functioning (41.9 ± 15.98), psychosocial impact (32.1 ± 12.15), and visual symptoms (41.1 ± 17.30).
  • Positive coping strategies, including proactive, reflective, strategic planning, and preventive coping, showed a significant positive correlation with higher VRQoL in general functioning and psychosocial impact domains.

Conclusions:

  • Positive coping strategies are strongly associated with improved quality of life in individuals with visual disabilities.
  • Ophthalmologists should evaluate patients' coping mechanisms and consider referrals for counseling and training in adaptive coping strategies.
  • Interventions aimed at enhancing positive coping can lead to better outcomes and well-being for visually impaired populations.