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WISHE-Moisture Mode in an Aquaplanet Simulation.

Xiaoming Shi1,2, Daehyun Kim3, Ángel F Adames4

  • 1Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Berkeley CA USA.

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
|April 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Tropical intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) are simulated in an aquaplanet model. The wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) mechanism is crucial for ISO eastward propagation, with feedbacks influencing scale and speed.

Keywords:
WISHE‐moisture modeaquaplanet simulationtropical intraseasonal oscillation

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Climate Dynamics
  • Tropical Meteorology

Background:

  • Tropical intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) are key drivers of tropical weather and climate variability.
  • Understanding the fundamental mechanisms driving ISOs, such as the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), is crucial for improving climate models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the eastward propagation of tropical intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) in an aquaplanet simulation.
  • To determine the role of specific feedback mechanisms, including surface evaporation and radiative processes, in sustaining and modulating ISOs.

Main Methods:

  • A simulation of tropical intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) was performed using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's AM2.1 model on an aquaplanet with uniform sea surface temperatures.
  • Mechanism denial experiments were conducted by homogenizing variables (wind stress, radiative heating, evaporation) or suppressing moisture variations.
  • Analysis of the vertically integrated moist static energy budget was used to diagnose the ISO dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The simulated ISO exhibited characteristics similar to the observed Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), with a spectral peak at wavenumber 1 and a ~60-day period.
  • Disabling interactive surface evaporation caused the simulated ISO to disappear, highlighting the essential role of the wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) mechanism.
  • Longwave cloud-radiation feedbacks influenced the horizontal scale, while moisture-convection feedbacks affected the phase speed of the simulated ISO.

Conclusions:

  • The simulated ISO is identified as a linear WISHE-moisture mode, driven by the interaction between surface fluxes and atmospheric convection.
  • The study confirms the critical importance of the wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) mechanism for the existence and propagation of tropical intraseasonal oscillations.
  • Feedback processes involving radiation and moisture play significant roles in modulating the characteristics of simulated ISOs.