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Three-Dimensional Printing Antimicrobial and Radiopaque Constructs.

Christen J Boyer1,2, David H Ballard3, Jeffery A Weisman4

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that 3D printing with iodized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) creates antimicrobial and highly visible medical devices. These patient-specific implants offer improved imaging and infection resistance.

Keywords:
3D printingThree-dimensional printingantimicrobialscomputed tomographyiodinated contrastpersonalized medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Engineering
  • Antimicrobial Materials

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables patient-specific medical devices.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a versatile biomaterial for 3D printing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of 3D printing iodine-loaded PVA meshes and stents.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial properties of these 3D printed materials.
  • To assess the computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of iodized PVA 3D prints.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-linking of PVA with glutaraldehyde.
  • Loading PVA with iodine via sublimation.
  • Fabrication of 3D printed meshes and vascular stents.
  • Antimicrobial assays using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Scanning electron microscopy and CT imaging for material characterization.

Main Results:

  • Cross-linked PVA exhibited smoother, more compacted filament structures.
  • Iodized PVA vascular stents showed excellent visibility and significantly higher radiopacity (Hounsfield units) in CT scans.
  • 3D printed PVA with iodine demonstrated significant suppression of E. coli and S. aureus growth.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing of iodine-loaded PVA is a feasible method for creating advanced medical devices.
  • The developed materials possess significant antimicrobial properties and enhanced visibility for medical imaging.
  • Iodized PVA 3D printing offers a novel platform for producing a range of antimicrobial, high-visibility medical devices.