Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces
Published on: December 6, 2024
Specific function and modulation of teleost monocytes/macrophages: polarization and phagocytosis
Xin-Jiang Lu1,2, Jiong Chen1,2
1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211, China.
Abstract:
Macrophages exist in most tissues and play a variety of functions in vertebrates. Teleost fish species are found in most aquatic environments throughout the world and are quite diverse for a group of vertebrate animals. Due to whole genome duplication and environmental adaptation, teleost monocytes/macrophages possess a variety of different functions and modulations compared with those of mammals. A deeper understanding of teleost monocytes/macrophages in the immune system will not only help develop teleost-specific methods of disease prevention but will also help improve our understanding of the various immune mechanisms in mammals. In this review, we summarize the differences in polarization and phagocytosis of teleost and mammalian macrophages to improve our understanding of the various immune mechanisms in vertebrates.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells,...
Group Polarization
Molecular Shape and Polarity
Polarity of the Cytoskeleton
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...

