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Left Ventricular Hemodynamics with an Implanted Assist Device: An In Vitro Fluid Dynamics Study.
Francesco Viola1, Elizabeth Jermyn2, James Warnock3
1PoF, UTwente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522NB, Enschede, The Netherlands. f.viola@utwente.nl.
Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|April 24, 2019
Summary
Left ventricle assist devices (VADs) improve cardiac output but alter intraventricular blood flow dynamics. VAD suction can create stagnant regions and vortex effects, impacting overall hemodynamics.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Engineering
- Biomedical Fluid Dynamics
Background:
- Left ventricle assist devices (VADs) are crucial for patients with heart failure, supporting cardiac output (CO).
- The precise impact of VADs on intraventricular hemodynamics beyond CO restoration remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro hemodynamic modifications induced by VAD implantation.
- To analyze the effects of VAD suction on ventricular flow patterns and pressure.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an elastic silicone ventricle in a pulse-duplicator setup.
- Employed particle image velocimetry (PIV) to visualize flow dynamics.
- Investigated VAD effects as a function of pump flow suction.
Main Results:
- VADs effectively unload the ventricle and increase CO.
- Continuous suction from the ventricle apex significantly alters hemodynamics, creating stagnant regions.
- VAD obstruction acts as a bluff body, affecting vorticity distribution in the left ventricle (LV).
Conclusions:
- VADs restore CO but introduce significant intraventricular hemodynamic alterations.
- VAD suction can lead to undesirable flow patterns, including vortex formation and stagnant zones.
- Optimizing VAD design and placement is critical for mitigating adverse hemodynamic effects.
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