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Area of Science:

  • High-energy particle physics
  • Quantum chromodynamics
  • Hadron spectroscopy

Background:

  • The LHCb experiment at CERN explores the strong force governing quarks and gluons.
  • Fixed-target mode offers unique opportunities to study particle production at lower energies.
  • Understanding heavy-flavor meson production is crucial for testing quantum chromodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the first measurement of heavy-flavor production (J/ψ and D⁰ mesons) in LHCb's fixed-target mode.
  • To measure production cross sections in proton-helium and proton-argon collisions.
  • To investigate the intrinsic charm content of the nucleon.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized proton beams colliding with helium and argon gas targets.
  • Operated at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 86.6 and 110.4 GeV.
  • Analyzed J/ψ and D⁰ meson production within a specific rapidity range [2, 4.6].

Main Results:

  • Measured J/ψ production cross section in pHe collisions: σ_{J/ψ}=652±33(stat)±42(syst) nb/nucleon.
  • Measured D⁰ production cross section in pHe collisions: σ_{D⁰}=80.8±2.4(stat)±6.3(syst) μb/nucleon.
  • Observed no significant evidence for intrinsic charm in the nucleon at large Bjorken-x.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully performed the first heavy-flavor production measurements in LHCb fixed-target mode.
  • Provided crucial data for refining theoretical models of particle production.
  • Constrained models related to the nucleon's internal structure, specifically concerning intrinsic charm.