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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
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Chronic pruritus.

Ana María Villa-Arango1, Margarita María Velásquez-Lopera, Ricardo Cardona

  • 1Universidad de Antioquia, Grupo de Alergología Clínica y Experimental, Medellín, Colombia. rcv2016udea@gmail.com.

Revista Alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993)
|April 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Chronic pruritus, a skin sensation causing scratching for over six weeks, significantly impacts quality of life. Understanding its complex pathophysiology reveals new therapeutic targets for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic pruritus is a debilitating skin condition lasting over six weeks, characterized by intense itching and scratching.
  • It significantly impairs patients' quality of life, disrupting sleep and daily activities.
  • The underlying pathophysiology involves complex signaling pathways and multiple mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic approaches for chronic pruritus.
  • To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies for managing chronic pruritus.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding pathophysiology for developing effective treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diagnostic criteria and clinical guidelines for chronic pruritus.
Keywords:
Chronic pruritusDermatosisItching

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  • Analysis of research on the pathophysiology of chronic pruritus, including mediators and nerve pathways.
  • Survey of pharmacological treatments and their efficacy in managing chronic pruritus.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic pruritus can stem from various cutaneous or systemic diseases.
    • The complex pathophysiology involves nerve fibers transmitting signals to the thalamus and cerebral cortex.
    • Advances in understanding these mechanisms facilitate the development of targeted therapies.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of chronic pruritus requires a thorough diagnostic evaluation.
    • Targeted therapies based on elucidated pathophysiological mechanisms offer improved efficacy and safety.
    • Further research into pruritus pathways will lead to novel treatment options.