The Nuclear Arsenal of Cilia

Several recent studies have revealed that nuclei and cilia share molecular components implicated in DNA damage response, splicing, gene expression, and sub-compartmentalization of the cell. We review evidence that exchange of components between the nucleus and cilia is facilitated by the centrosome, which contributes both to the mitotic apparatus of the nucleus and to the cilia structure. Moreover, the centrosome and the pericentriolar material form condensates that share components with stress granules and P-bodies, membrane-less organelles enriched in RNA and RNA-processing proteins. These features may largely explain the origin of similar molecular mechanisms in nuclei and cilia.