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Colloids03:22

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
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Elasticity is the ability of an object to withstand the effects of distortion and to return to its original size and shape once the forces causing deformation are removed. When an elastic material deforms under the action of an external force, it experiences internal resistance to the deformation. However, if no external force is applied, it returns to its original state.
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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
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High-order elastic multipoles as colloidal atoms.

Bohdan Senyuk1, Jure Aplinc2, Miha Ravnik2,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Soft Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.

Nature Communications
|April 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Scientists created diverse "colloidal atoms" using physical principles, offering more variety than chemical elements. This advance in colloidal science opens new possibilities for building matter.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloidal science
  • Materials science
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • The diversity of colloidal building blocks is limited, hindering the creation of novel materials.
  • Existing methods for colloidal assembly, like DNA hybridization, have limitations in physical control.
  • A robust physical approach to define colloidal elements is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce physical design principles for creating diverse colloidal elements.
  • To explore the analogy between colloidal systems and atomic structures.
  • To demonstrate a method for generating a greater diversity of colloidal elements than chemical elements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing colloids with controlled shapes and surface alignment in a nematic host fluid.
  • Employing experiments and numerical modeling to analyze equilibrium field configurations.
  • Applying spherical harmonic expansion to probe elastic multipole moments.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the emergence of high-order elastic multipoles in colloidal systems.
  • Established analogies between colloidal multipoles and electromagnetism, including atomic orbital structures.
  • Showcased that the symmetry of "director wiggle wave functions" allows for a vast diversity of colloidal atoms.

Conclusions:

  • Physical design principles can define colloidal elements with high-order elastic multipoles.
  • The diversity of these elastic colloidal atoms can surpass that of chemical elements.
  • This work provides a new paradigm for colloidal assembly and materials design.