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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis
Published on: September 7, 2022
Annihilator dimers enhance triplet fusion upconversion
Andrew B Pun1, Samuel N Sanders2, Matthew Y Sfeir3,4
1Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
Abstract:
Optical upconversion is a net process by which two low energy photons are converted into one higher energy photon. There is vast potential to exploit upconversion in applications ranging from solar energy and biological imaging to data storage and photocatalysis. Here, we link two upconverting chromophores together to synthesize a series of novel tetracene dimers for use as annihilators. When compared with the monomer annihilator, TIPS-tetracene, the dimers yield a strong enhancement in the triplet fusion process, also known as triplet-triplet annihilation, as demonstrated via a large increase in upconversion efficiency and an order of magnitude reduction of the threshold power for maximum yield. Along with the ongoing rapid improvements to sensitizer materials, the dimerization improvements demonstrated here open the way to a wide variety of emerging upconversion applications.
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