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A Rotavirus-Induced Mouse Model to Study Biliary Atresia and Neonatal Cholestasis

Sujit K Mohanty1, Bryan Donnelly1, Haley Temple1

  • 1Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Biliary atresia, a neonatal liver disease, causes bile duct damage and fibrosis. A mouse model using rhesus rotavirus infection mimics human disease, aiding research into its mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal liver disease research
  • Cholangiopathy mechanisms
  • Animal models for human diseases

Background:

  • Biliary atresia is a severe neonatal liver disease affecting bile ducts, leading to fibrosis and liver failure.
  • Current treatments like Kasai portoenterostomy often don't prevent long-term fibrosis, necessitating liver transplants.
  • The murine model of biliary atresia induced by rhesus rotavirus provides a platform to study disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic aspects of biliary atresia using a validated murine model.
  • To characterize the histopathological changes in mice infected with rhesus rotavirus, mirroring human biliary atresia.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of biliary atresia in newborn mice via rhesus rotavirus infection.
  • Histopathological examination of liver tissues from infected mice.
  • Comparison of murine histopathology with human biliary atresia cases.

Main Results:

  • Rhesus rotavirus infection in mice successfully replicated key features of biliary atresia.
  • Infected mice exhibited bile duct obstruction, proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis.
  • Histopathological findings in the murine model closely paralleled those observed in human biliary atresia.

Conclusions:

  • The rhesus rotavirus-induced murine model is a valuable tool for studying biliary atresia.
  • This model allows for detailed investigation of the mechanisms driving bile duct damage and fibrosis in neonatal cholangiopathies.
  • Further research using this model can inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies for biliary atresia.

Keywords:
Biliary atresiaCholangiocytesCholestasisRotavirus

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