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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
Published on: July 18, 2014
First clinical experience with the Kora pacemaker system in congenital complete heart block in newborn infants
Stefan Kurath-Koller1, Sabrina Schweintzger2, Gernot Grangl2
1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34/2, A-8036, Graz, Austria. stefan.kurath@medunigraz.at.
Background:
To report first clinical experience on three cases of congenital complete heart block and the use of a pacemaker system with a maximum lower rate interval of 95 beats per minute.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed three patients treated with a pacemaker system with a maximum lower rate interval of 95 beats per minute suffering from congenital complete heart block. We report a follow up period of 2.9 years, focusing on the patients' growth, development, and adverse events, as well as pacemaker function.
Results:
In all three patients pacemaker function was impeccable, including minute ventilation sensor rate adaption. All patients showed limited growths as expected, adequate development, good feeding tolerability and circadiane heart rate adaption. One patient experienced skin traction and revision. All patients showed high aortic velocity time integral values after birth.
Conclusion:
The use of a pacemaker system with a maximum lower rate interval of 95 beats per minute in infants suffering from congenital complete heart block and showing high aortic VTI values seems to be feasible and to result in limited growths but adequate development.
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