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Epigenetic Regulations in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Janise N Kuehner1, Emily C Bruggeman1, Zhexing Wen2,3,4
1Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Frontiers in Genetics
|April 26, 2019
Summary
Epigenetic mechanisms precisely control gene expression for brain development and function. Dysregulation of these epigenetic pathways is linked to neuropsychiatric disorders like autism and schizophrenia.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Precise genetic and epigenetic regulation is vital for mammalian brain development, function, and neural circuitry.
- Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodelers, and non-coding RNAs, tightly control neuronal differentiation.
- Disruptions in these epigenetic pathways can lead to severe neuropsychiatric disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of epigenetic regulations in brain development and function.
- To explore the implications of epigenetic dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on epigenetic mechanisms in the central nervous system.
- Analysis of studies linking epigenetic dysregulation to neuropsychiatric conditions.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic factors play a critical role in the spatiotemporal control of gene expression during brain development.
- Aberrant epigenetic modifications are associated with the pathophysiology of major neuropsychiatric disorders.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic regulation is fundamental to normal brain development and function.
- Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms offers potential therapeutic targets for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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