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Expression of LAIR-1 (CD305) on Human Blood Monocytes as a Marker of Hepatic Cirrhosis Progression

María Martínez-Esparza1, Antonio José Ruiz-Alcaraz1, Violeta Carmona-Martínez1

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular (B) e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, IMIB and Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.

Journal of Immunology Research
|April 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Monocyte LAIR-1 (leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1) expression is elevated in liver cirrhosis, potentially serving as an early biomarker for liver damage. Macrophage expression in the liver was decreased in cirrhosis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The inhibitory receptor LAIR-1 (CD305) is implicated in inflammatory responses.
  • Its role in chronic inflammatory diseases like liver cirrhosis warrants investigation.
  • This study focuses on LAIR-1 expression in liver macrophages and blood monocytes during cirrhosis progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of LAIR-1 on liver macrophages and blood monocytes in relation to liver cirrhosis progression.
  • To determine if LAIR-1 expression can serve as a biomarker for early detection of liver damage.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Flow cytometry
  • Western blot analysis of LAIR-1 expression.
  • In vitro studies using HL-60 macrophages and human blood monocytes.

Main Results:

  • Decreased LAIR-1 expression on liver macrophages in cirrhotic livers, potentially due to collagen interference.
  • In vitro studies showed decreased LAIR-1 expression after differentiation and increased total content (not surface) after activation in macrophages.
  • Blood monocytes from cirrhotic patients showed significantly higher LAIR-1 expression across all subsets, particularly in intermediate monocytes.
  • In vitro monocyte activation did not increase surface LAIR-1, suggesting in vivo stimuli are crucial for the observed increase in cirrhosis.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated monocyte LAIR-1 expression in liver cirrhosis is a unique finding compared to other chronic inflammatory conditions.
  • Monocyte LAIR-1 expression may represent a novel biomarker for the early detection of liver damage in liver cirrhosis.
Abstract

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