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Emotional interference under low versus high executive control.

Rosa Grützmann1, Anja Riesel1, Christian Kaufmann1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

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|April 26, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative emotional distractors impair cognitive tasks, especially when executive control is low. This study reveals that emotional interference affects conflict processing and performance monitoring, leading to slower responses.

Keywords:
CRNN2conflict processingemotional interferenceexecutive controlperformance monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Task-irrelevant emotional distractors disrupt cognitive performance, particularly under conditions of low executive control.
  • Previous research indicates emotional interference is more pronounced during non-conflict trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of emotional interference on cognitive task performance using electrophysiological measures.
  • To differentiate the effects of emotional distractors on conflict processing and performance monitoring.
  • To examine the role of both phasic and tonic executive control in modulating emotional interference.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a flanker task with negative and neutral emotional pictures as distractors.
  • Measured medio-frontal event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically N2 and correct-related negativity (CRN).
  • Manipulated executive control by varying conflict frequency across blocks (25% vs. 75% incompatible trials).

Main Results:

  • Negative emotional pictures reduced N2 and CRN amplitudes, suggesting impaired conflict processing and performance monitoring.
  • Behaviorally, prolonged response times were observed following negative pictures in compatible trials under low phasic executive control.
  • Emotional interference effects on response times in compatible trials were significant only under low tonic executive control.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional interference impacts fundamental cognitive processes like conflict detection and performance monitoring.
  • Both phasic and tonic aspects of executive control play a crucial role in mitigating the disruptive effects of emotional distractors.
  • Understanding these interactions is key for developing strategies to manage cognitive performance in emotionally charged environments.