Effect of Li concentration-dependent material properties on diffusion induced stresses of a Sn anode
Chung Su Hong1, Nadeem Qaiser, Hyeon Gyun Nam
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea. smhan01@kaist.ac.kr.
Abstract:
Sn is one of the promising Li ion battery anode materials with high theoretical capacity and mechanical properties that allow for effective relaxation of Li diffusion-induced stresses. Sn is a low melting point metal with a low modulus and strength and has the ability to relax stresses via plasticity and creep deformations. In this study, concentration-dependent material properties are used in numerical simulations to model the Li diffusion-induced stress evolution in Sn micropillars. Simulation results using concentration-dependent material properties resulted in a completely different failure mode in comparison to that of concentration-independent simulation results. Tensile hoop stress needed for crack propagation was analyzed to be at the core for concentration-independent material properties, and switched to being at the surface for concentration-dependent simulation results. In addition, by incorporating these maximum tensile DIS results, the critical size for the failure of Sn micropillars was determined to be 5.3 μm at C/10 charging rate. This was then correlated with experimental observations, where fracture occurred in Sn micropillars with sizes larger than 6 μm, while 4.4 μm sized Sn micropillars survived the lithiation cycle.
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