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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

An In Vitro Approach to Photodynamic Therapy
Published on: August 17, 2018
Ratiometric theranostic nanoprobe for pH imaging-guided photodynamic therapy
Hong Cheng1, Gui-Ling Fan, Jing-Hao Fan
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.
Abstract:
An abnormal pH microenvironment results from the development of tumors, and also affects the therapeutic efficiency of anti-tumor drugs. In this work, a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based theranostic fluorescent nanoprobe was constructed for simultaneous ratiometric pH sensing and tumor-targeted photodynamic therapy. Based on the FRET process between rhodamine B and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), the fabricated nanoprobe exhibited excellent pH responsiveness in both solutions and live cells with the ratiometric fluorescence changes. Moreover, this ratiometric pH fluorescent nanoprobe also possessed the capability for pH-responsive singlet oxygen (1O2) generation under light irradiation, guiding robust photodynamic therapy in a pH-dependent manner. Benefiting from the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the nanoprobe could significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis via targeted photodynamic therapy in vivo. This work presents a novel paradigm for precise tumor theranostics by ratiometric pH fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy.
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