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Related Concept Videos

Density00:56

Density

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Density is an important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. Its SI unit is kg/m3, and its cgs unit is g/cm3. The density of an object helps in identifying its composition, and also reveals information about the phase of the matter and its substructure. The densities of liquids and solids are roughly comparable, consistent with the fact that their atoms are in close contact. However, gases have much lower densities than liquids and...
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Current Density01:21

Current Density

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The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Bulk Density of Aggregate01:22

Bulk Density of Aggregate

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Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
Most natural mineral aggregates, like sand and gravel,...
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Strain-Energy Density01:20

Strain-Energy Density

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Understanding the strain energy density in materials under axial load is crucial for evaluating their mechanical behavior and durability. When a rod is subjected to such a load, it elongates and stores energy, known as strain energy, as potential energy within the material. This energy is measured in terms of energy per unit volume.
In the elastic region of a material, the relationship between the stress and the strain is linear and follows Hooke's Law. The strain energy density in this region...
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Density and Archimedes' Principle01:05

Density and Archimedes' Principle

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When a lump of clay is dropped into water, it sinks. But if the same lump of clay is molded into the shape of a boat, it starts to float. Because of its shape, the clay boat displaces more water than the lump and experiences a greater buoyant force, even though its mass is the same. The same holds true for steel ships. The average density of an object majorly determines if the object will float. If an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. The...
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Cortical Source Analysis of High-Density EEG Recordings in Children
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Bone density in children: what are we measuring?

Nick Shaw1,2, Nicola Crabtree1,2

  • 1Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|April 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the recommended method for assessing bone density in children with bone health concerns. Accurate interpretation requires expertise in pediatric scanning and potential challenges.

Keywords:
bone diseaseendocrinology

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric endocrinology
  • Skeletal health assessment
  • Medical imaging techniques

Background:

  • Bone density measurement is crucial for evaluating pediatric bone health, particularly in cases of chronic disease or recurrent fractures.
  • Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the established and accessible method for this assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of specialized interpretation of DXA scans in pediatric populations.
  • To emphasize the need for expertise in evaluating bone density in growing individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in pediatric bone density assessment using DXA.
  • Discussion of the unique considerations for interpreting DXA results in children.

Main Results:

  • DXA is the preferred modality for pediatric bone density measurement.
  • Interpretation requires specific knowledge of pediatric physiology and potential scanning pitfalls.

Conclusions:

  • Expert interpretation of DXA scans is essential for accurate bone health assessment in children.
  • Clinicians interpreting pediatric DXA must be familiar with growth-related variations and potential challenges.