Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026
05:43
Author Spotlight: Improving Lesion Contiguity in Pulmonary Vein Isolation via Proactive Esophageal Cooling
Published on: April 19, 2024
1.5K
Evidence that curtailing proactive policing can reduce major crime
Christopher M Sullivan1, Zachary P O'Keeffe2
1Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. csullivan@lsu.edu.
Nature Human Behaviour
|April 27, 2019
Summary
Aggressively enforcing minor laws may increase serious crime. A study found that when the New York Police Department reduced proactive policing, major crime reports decreased, challenging traditional enforcement strategies.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Sociology
- Public Policy
Background:
- Governments utilize police to prevent crime, but the effectiveness of aggressive low-level enforcement on serious crime rates is debated.
- Citizen compliance with laws is influenced by police presence and enforcement strategies, creating an endogeneity problem for causal analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between proactive policing and serious crime rates.
- To address the endogeneity challenge in analyzing the causal impact of policing strategies on crime.
Main Methods:
- Examined a political event that led to a halt in proactive policing by the New York Police Department (NYPD) in late 2014 and early 2015.
- Analyzed several years of unique data from the NYPD, focusing on civilian complaints of major crimes.
Main Results:
- A significant decrease in civilian complaints of major crimes (burglary, felony assault, grand larceny) was observed during and immediately after the reduction in proactive policing.
- The findings indicate a positive relationship between proactive policing and reports of major crime.
Conclusions:
- The study challenges conventional wisdom, suggesting that aggressive enforcement of minor violations may inadvertently incite more severe criminal acts.
- Results imply that proactive policing strategies may not effectively reduce, and could potentially increase, serious crime rates.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
47.7K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
47.7K
01:19Major Organs of the Digestive System
9.1K
The digestive system is responsible for the ingestion of food, secretion of enzymes, mixing and digesting food, absorption of the nutrients and defecation. The human digestive system consists of two major parts: the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory digestive organs.
Gastrointestinal tract:
Gastrointestinal tract:
9.1K
01:28Major Losses in Pipes
1.9K
When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
1.9K
01:27Major Hormones and Their Functions
1.8K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
1.8K
01:18Reducing Line Loss
372
In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
With a step-up transformer at the source, the voltage is increased, thereby reducing the current in the transmission lines since power loss in...
With a step-up transformer at the source, the voltage is increased, thereby reducing the current in the transmission lines since power loss in...
372
01:20Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions
10.0K
The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect...
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect...
10.0K