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Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review
Karina K L Mak1, Sabina Kleitman1, Maree J Abbott1
1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Frontiers in Psychology
|April 27, 2019
Summary
The impostor phenomenon, a feeling of intellectual fraudulence, lacks robust measurement validation. This review found many studies on impostorism measures had insufficient data, impacting methodological quality ratings.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Psychometrics
Background:
- The impostor phenomenon (IP) is a widespread psychological experience of perceived intellectual and professional fraudulence.
- Research on IP has expanded into applied settings, necessitating rigorous measurement tools.
Approach:
- This systematic review evaluated the methodological quality and psychometric properties of trait impostor phenomenon measures.
- Searches across six databases identified 18 studies examining the development or validation of self-report IP scales.
Key Points:
- Four key measures were assessed: Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, Harvey Impostor Scale, Perceived Fraudulence Scale, and Leary Impostor Scale.
- Many studies lacked sufficient data for stringent psychometric assessment, leading to lower quality ratings, rather than inherently poor measures.
Conclusions:
- There is a need for conceptual clarification of the impostor phenomenon's dimensionality.
- Future research should prioritize improving study quality and enhancing the discrimination between existing IP measures.
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