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Related Concept Videos

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A wave propagates through a medium with a constant speed, known as a wave velocity. It is different from the speed of the particles of the medium, which is not constant. In addition, the velocity of the medium is perpendicular to the velocity of the wave. The variable speed of the particles of the medium implies that there must be acceleration associated with it. 
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The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
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Pulse01:16

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When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
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The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice
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Pulse Wave Velocity in Atherosclerosis.

Hack-Lyoung Kim1, Sang-Hyun Kim1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) effectively detects arterial stiffness, aiding early identification of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk. This non-invasive method offers a valuable tool for patient screening and risk stratification.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnessatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseasepulse wave velocityrisk stratification

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis is crucial for cardiovascular risk reduction.
  • Current diagnostic methods, including risk factors and imaging, have limitations in accuracy, cost, and safety.
  • Arterial stiffness is closely linked to atherosclerosis progression, impacting endothelial function and atheroma formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) as a diagnostic tool for subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • To assess the utility of PWV in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification.
  • To determine if PWV can identify individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis and CVD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) measurement, a non-invasive technique assessing arterial stiffness.
  • Reviewed clinical studies and meta-analyses examining the association between PWV and atherosclerosis.
  • Analyzed longitudinal studies investigating PWV as an independent predictor of future CVD.

Main Results:

  • PWV measurement is simple, non-invasive, and reproducible.
  • Significant associations were found between PWV and coronary, cerebral, and carotid atherosclerosis.
  • Longitudinal studies confirmed PWV as an independent risk factor for future CVD.

Conclusions:

  • PWV is a valuable tool for diagnosing arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • PWV measurement aids in the risk stratification of cardiovascular disease.
  • PWV can effectively identify high-risk individuals for targeted screening and intervention.