Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
Published on: August 19, 2025
The Prospective Randomized On-X Valve Anticoagulation Clinical Trial (PROACT): Lower is better, but is it good
Ismail Bouhout1, Ismail El-Hamamsy1
1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract:
Due to their durability, mechanical prostheses are frequently used for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in young adults. However, these valves are thrombogenic and require lifelong anticoagulation. Over the last few decades, efforts have been made towards the lowering of INR targets in an effort to reduce bleeding events without influencing the thromboembolic risk. The Prospective Randomized On-X Valve Anticoagulation Clinical Trial (PROACT) was designed to compare standard versus low anticoagulation targets in high-risk patients undergoing mechanical AVR with the ON-X prosthesis.
Related Concept Videos
Clinical Trials
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Clinical Trials: Overview
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials
Trial and Error and Algorithm
Random Error

