Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

24.8K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
24.8K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

5.0K
5.0K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

60.5K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
60.5K
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

1.4K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
1.4K
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

1.5K
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
1.5K
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

25.0K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
25.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Radiotherapy and AAV-based immunotherapy: A new alliance for cancer treatment.

Molecular therapy. Oncology·2026
Same author

Non-canonical STING activation by calcium influx paired to endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS·2026
Same author

Systemic delivery of AAV-GFM1 corrects COXPD1 molecular alterations in Gfm1<sup>R671C/-</sup> mice.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026
Same author

Orthogonal characterization of rAAV reveals vector attributes that drive ITR repair, self-complementary genome formation, and transgene expression.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2026
Same author

Leishmanicidal Action of the Peptides 19-4LF, 19-2.5 and 19-2.5LF Topically Administered on Cutaneous Lesions Caused by <i>Leishmania major</i>.

Pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Radiotherapy synergizes with an inducible AAV-based immunotherapy platform to program local and systemic antitumor immunity.

Cancer cell·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
11:48

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

13.4K

TMEM173 Alternative Spliced Isoforms Modulate Viral Replication through the STING Pathway.

Estefanía Rodríguez-García1,2, Cristina Olagüe1,2, Sergio Ríus-Rocabert3,4

  • 1Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.

Immunohorizons
|April 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Truncated STING isoforms inhibit the innate immune response by degrading full-length STING. Viruses exploit this alternative splicing to evade antiviral defenses, highlighting STING

More Related Videos

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

6.4K
Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
10:06

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
11:48

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

13.4K
Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

6.4K
Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
10:06

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • The innate immune system is crucial for pathogen defense.
  • Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) protein, encoded by TMEM173, is vital for inducing IFN-β.
  • STING activation is essential for antiviral responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of alternative splicing in regulating STING function.
  • To characterize novel truncated STING isoforms and their impact on IFN-β induction.
  • To explore viral strategies for evading innate immunity via STING modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of alternative-spliced TMEM173 mRNAs.
  • Overexpression and knockdown studies of STING isoforms.
  • Assessment of IFN-β production and STING protein stability.
  • In silico analysis of TMEM173 gene architecture across species.

Main Results:

  • Three truncated STING isoforms (lacking exon 7) were identified.
  • Truncated isoforms inhibit wild-type STING activity and reduce its stability via proteasomal degradation.
  • Knockdown of truncated isoforms enhances IFN-β production.
  • Viral infections skew STING splicing towards truncated forms, aiding immune evasion.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing of TMEM173 generates inhibitory STING isoforms.
  • Viruses utilize STING alternative splicing to suppress host antiviral responses.
  • STING alternative splicing is a conserved mechanism regulating innate immunity across mammals.