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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed  the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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Alternative Splicing in Angiogenesis.

Elizabeth Bowler1, Sebastian Oltean2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK. e.bowler@exeter.ac.uk.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative splicing generates diverse protein variants, including those that regulate or inhibit key biological processes like angiogenesis. This review examines splice isoforms of critical angiogenesis genes.

Keywords:
FGFRHIF-1NRPVEGFVEGFRalternative splicingangiogenesisangiopoietinvasohibin

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) generates multiple splice isoforms from a single gene, leading to proteins with distinct or even opposing functions.
  • This isoform diversity adds a regulatory layer to cellular processes, with some splice variants acting as inhibitors of canonical protein functions.
  • Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex process significantly influenced by alternative splicing mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of alternative splicing in regulating angiogenesis.
  • To focus on the alternative spliced isoforms of key genes central to the angiogenesis process.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles focusing on alternative splicing and angiogenesis.
  • Analysis of key genes involved in angiogenesis, including their splice isoforms.

Main Results:

  • Alternative splicing generates functionally distinct isoforms for critical angiogenesis genes.
  • These isoforms can modulate the canonical functions of proteins involved in blood vessel formation.
  • Specific genes examined include Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A), its receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2), Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs), Vasohibin-1, Vasohibin-2, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), Angiopoietin-1, and Angiopoietin-2.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing is a crucial regulatory mechanism in angiogenesis.
  • Understanding the diverse functions of splice isoforms is essential for comprehending blood vessel development and related pathologies.
  • Targeting specific splice isoforms may offer novel therapeutic strategies for angiogenesis-related diseases.