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Compactly representing massive terrain models as TINs in CityGML.

Kavisha Kumar¹, Hugo Ledoux¹, Jantien Stoter¹

¹3D Geoinformation Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands.

Transactions in GIS : TG

|April 30, 2019

Summary

This study introduces an improved storage method for massive Triangulated Irregular Networks (TINs) in 3D city models. The new approach significantly compresses CityGML files, enhancing efficiency for large-scale terrain data management.

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Area of Science:

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
3D City Modeling
Geospatial Data Management

Background:

Terrains are crucial components of 3D city models, often represented by 2D grids or Triangulated Irregular Networks (TINs).
Massive terrain datasets, like the 3DTOP10NL covering the Netherlands with over a billion triangles, pose significant storage and maintenance challenges.
The current CityGML standard's Simple Feature representation for TINs is inadequate for handling such large-scale data.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose an improved storage representation for massive terrain models using TINs within the CityGML framework.
To address the limitations of existing methods for storing and maintaining large-scale TIN datasets.
To develop an efficient solution for compressing and managing extensive terrain data in 3D city models.

Main Methods:

Reviewing various data structures for compact TIN representation.
Implementing an improved storage solution as an Application Domain Extension (ADE) for CityGML.
Modeling the ADE using UML and automatically deriving XML schemas.

Main Results:

Achieved compression of CityGML files by a factor of approximately 20 for terrains with over a billion triangles.
Successfully implemented an efficient method for storing massive TINs.
The proposed method explicitly preserves the topological relationships within TIN models.

Conclusions:

The developed CityGML ADE offers a highly efficient solution for storing massive TIN terrain models.
This approach significantly reduces file sizes, making large-scale terrain data more manageable.
Explicitly storing topological relationships enhances the utility and integrity of the stored terrain data.