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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
Published on: July 6, 2017
Genetic Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Pathways in Sporadic Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Jingwei Liu1, Bowen Zheng1, Ying Li1
1Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China.
Abstract:
DNA repair systems play a critical role in maintaining the integrity and stability of the genome, which mainly include base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR) and double-strand break repair (DSBR). The polymorphisms in different DNA repair genes that are mainly represented by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can potentially modulate the individual DNA repair capacity and therefore exert an impact on individual genetic susceptibility to cancer. Sporadic colorectal cancer arises from the colorectum without known contribution from germline causes or significant family history of cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. In recent years, emerging studies have investigated the association between polymorphisms of DNA repair system genes and sporadic CRC. Here, we review recent insights into the polymorphisms of DNA repair pathway genes, not only individual gene polymorphism but also gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, in sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis.
Insights
Genetic variations in DNA repair genes, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), influence cancer susceptibility. This review examines their role in sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) development, including gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- DNA repair systems (BER, NER, MMR, DSBR) are crucial for genome stability.
- Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, particularly SNPs, can alter DNA repair capacity.
- Altered repair capacity may impact individual susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on DNA repair gene polymorphisms in sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis.
- To explore the influence of individual gene polymorphisms, gene-gene, and gene-environment interactions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating DNA repair gene polymorphisms and sporadic CRC.
- Analysis of associations between genetic variations and colorectal cancer risk.
- Consideration of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.
Main Results:
- Emerging evidence links polymorphisms in DNA repair genes to sporadic CRC risk.
- Interactions between genes and environmental factors may modulate this association.
- Specific polymorphisms may influence individual susceptibility to sporadic CRC.
Conclusions:
- DNA repair gene polymorphisms are implicated in the development of sporadic colorectal cancer.
- Understanding these genetic variations and their interactions is vital for assessing cancer risk.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay in sporadic CRC pathogenesis.
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