Maxillary Incisive Canal Characteristics: A Radiographic Study Using Cone Beam Computerized Tomography

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Radiology

Background:

• The incisive canal is a critical anatomical landmark in the maxillary central incisor region.
• Understanding its morphology is essential for successful immediate implant placement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the anatomical characteristics of the incisive canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
• To provide data for improved planning of immediate implant placement in the maxillary anterior region.

Main Methods:

• CBCT scans of 79 healthy patients were analyzed by two independent examiners.
• Measurements included incisive canal dimensions (mesiodistal, labiopalatal diameter, length), shape, and anterior bone width.
• Age and sex of participants were recorded.

Main Results:

• Mean incisive foramen diameters were 3.12 mm (labiopalatal) and 3.23 mm (mesiodistal).
• Mean incisive canal length was 18.63 mm, with males exhibiting longer canals than females.
• Canal length and foramen diameter increased with age. Cylindrical shapes were most common.

Conclusions:

• Incisive canal dimensions and morphology exhibit significant inter-individual variability.
• Pre-treatment CBCT is crucial for evaluating these variations before immediate implant placement.
• Identifying thin bone anterior to the canal aids in surgical planning and risk assessment.