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Related Concept Videos

Thoracic Aorta01:15

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The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
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Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
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Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Robotics in Surgery: A Modular Robotic Platform Driven Gastric Wedge Resection
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Anesthesia for robotic thoracic surgery.

Henning Pauli1, Mostafa Eladawy1, James Park1

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.

Annals of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|April 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Robotically assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is a growing field. This article details the anesthetic considerations for planning and executing RATS procedures.

Keywords:
Thoracic anesthesiahuman factorsrobotic surgerythoracic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Robotic Surgery
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Robotically assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) represents a small but expanding segment of thoracic surgical procedures.
  • Currently, RATS is concentrated in a limited number of specialized centers.

Discussion:

  • This article provides an anesthetic perspective on the planning and execution of RATS.
  • It emphasizes critical considerations for patient management during these procedures.

Key Insights:

  • Anesthetic planning is crucial for successful RATS outcomes.
  • Specific patient management strategies are vital for robotic thoracic procedures.

Outlook:

  • RATS is experiencing rapidly increasing interest and adoption.
  • Further research and standardization of anesthetic protocols for RATS are anticipated.