Abnormal frontoinsular-default network dynamics in adolescent depression and rumination: a preliminary resting-state
Roselinde H Kaiser1, Min Su Kang2,3, Yechan Lew4
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA. Roselinde.Kaiser@colorado.edu.
Summary
Adolescent depression is linked to altered brain network dynamics. Specifically, increased frontoinsular-default network activity and transitions correlate with greater depressive symptoms and rumination in teens.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Clinical depression frequently emerges during adolescence, a critical period for cognitive development and the maturation of large-scale functional brain networks.
- Abnormalities in the dynamic functioning of frontoinsular networks are observed in depressed adults and linked to negative rumination, suggesting relevance for adolescent depression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the dynamics of functional brain network states and the severity of depressive symptoms and trait rumination in adolescents.
- To explore how frontoinsular and default network system dynamics relate to adolescent depression pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Resting-state functional MRI scans were acquired from 45 adolescents (ages 13-19) with varying depressive symptom severity.
- Co-activation pattern analysis was used to identify recurring whole-brain network states, measuring dwell time, persistence, and transition frequencies.
- Analyses examined associations between depression/rumination and the dynamics of frontoinsular-default network states.
Main Results:
- Increased dwell time and persistence in a frontoinsular-default network state (involving insula, prefrontal cortex, default network regions) were associated with more severe depressive symptoms.
- Higher transition frequency between frontoinsular-default and default network states correlated with increased depression.
- Increased dominance and transition frequency of frontoinsular-default network states were linked to higher rumination, which mediated the relationship between network dynamics and depression.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal frontoinsular network dynamics may confer vulnerability to maladaptive introspection in adolescents.
- Altered frontoinsular-default network dynamics contribute to the pathophysiology of adolescent depression.
- Network dynamics offer potential new insights into teen depression and could inform targeted interventions.
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