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Measuring lung function in airways diseases: current and emerging techniques.

Nayia Petousi1,2,3, Nick P Talbot4,2,3, Ian Pavord4,3

  • 1Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine Division of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK nayia.petousi@dpag.ox.ac.uk.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Precision medicine improves outcomes for chronic airways diseases by identifying

Keywords:
airways diseaseinhomogeneitylung functionphysiologyspirometrythoracic imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Precision Medicine
  • Pulmonary Physiology

Background:

  • Chronic airways diseases like asthma, COPD, and cystic fibrosis lead to significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs globally.
  • Precision medicine, focusing on 'treatable traits,' is crucial for optimizing treatment for these conditions.
  • Accurate physiological measurements are needed for early diagnosis, disease stratification, and monitoring treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline challenges in managing airways diseases, including early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.
  • To review current and emerging physiological measurement techniques for airways diseases.
  • To highlight technologies that can advance precision respiratory medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of routine physiological measurements: spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusing capacity.
  • Discussion of less common methods: forced oscillometry, inert gas washout, multiple inert gas elimination technique.
  • Exploration of emerging technologies: quantitative CT, hyperpolarized gas MRI, in-airway gas analysis, mathematical modeling.

Main Results:

  • Routine methods have limitations but are essential.
  • Advanced techniques offer enhanced assessment, particularly in early disease stages.
  • Emerging technologies show promise for improving the delivery of precision respiratory medicine.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing challenges in airways disease management requires better physiological assessment.
  • Emerging technologies can significantly enhance the diagnosis and monitoring of airways diseases.
  • These advancements are key to realizing the potential of precision respiratory medicine.