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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
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Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
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Human Egg Maturity Assessment and Its Clinical Application
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Clinical Applications Targeting Periostin.

Akira Kudo1,2

  • 1International Frontier, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan. akudo@bio.titech.ac.jp.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Periostin is involved in numerous diseases. Targeting periostin or monitoring its expression offers new clinical strategies for disease treatment and monitoring.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsCapsular contractionClinical applicationDNA aptamerIncredible diseaseLebrikizumabOsteoporosisPeriostin antibodyRNAi

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Molecular biology
  • Clinical applications

Background:

  • Periostin is a protein implicated in various pathological conditions.
  • Its expression patterns correlate with disease progression and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the clinical relevance of periostin in disease.
  • To evaluate periostin as a therapeutic target and a diagnostic marker.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of periostin expression in disease states.
  • Investigation of periostin's functional roles in disease pathogenesis.
  • Assessment of therapeutic strategies targeting periostin.

Main Results:

  • Periostin expression is a significant indicator in multiple diseases.
  • Targeting periostin (inhibition or activation) shows potential for therapeutic intervention.
  • Periostin levels can serve as a marker for disease status and treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Periostin presents a promising target for novel clinical applications.
  • Modulating periostin offers new avenues for disease management and therapeutic development.