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Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
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Nontyphoidal Salmonella: a potential anticancer agent.

K Jazeela1, A Chakraborty1, I Karunasagar1

  • 1Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.

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|May 1, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria, particularly Salmonella Typhimurium, show promise in cancer therapy by targeting tumors. This review explores preclinical and clinical studies on using nontyphoidal Salmonella for cancer treatment, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Keywords:
SalmonellaSalmonella-tumour interactionanticancer agentsbacteria-mediated cancer therapybactofection

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriotherapy

Background:

  • Bacterial cancer therapy is a potent strategy with renewed interest due to limitations of conventional treatments like tumor complexity and side effects.
  • Salmonella bacteria, especially S. Typhimurium, demonstrate efficient colonization of solid tumors and possess anticancer properties.
  • Nontyphoidal Salmonella offer a promising alternative approach to cancer treatment, overcoming challenges associated with traditional therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of preclinical and clinical studies on the use of nontyphoidal Salmonella in cancer therapy.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which Salmonella exhibits anticancer effects.
  • To highlight the potential of Salmonella-mediated approaches in overcoming limitations of conventional cancer treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies investigating Salmonella's efficacy against cancer cells.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data on Salmonella-based cancer therapies.
  • Examination of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying Salmonella's antitumor activity.

Main Results:

  • Nontyphoidal Salmonella, particularly S. Typhimurium, show significant potential in colonizing tumors and exerting direct or indirect anticancer effects.
  • Studies indicate that Salmonella can induce tumor cell death and modulate the tumor microenvironment.
  • Clinical investigations are ongoing, with early results suggesting safety and potential efficacy in certain cancer types.

Conclusions:

  • Nontyphoidal Salmonella represent a viable and evolving strategy in cancer therapy, offering a promising alternative to conventional treatments.
  • Further research into Salmonella-mediated cancer treatment mechanisms and clinical applications is warranted.
  • Bacteriotherapy using Salmonella holds potential for improved cancer treatment outcomes with reduced side effects.