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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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pH Regulation in Cells01:28

pH Regulation in Cells

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pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Murine Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and Stromal Niche Cells
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Bone marrow dendritic cells regulate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell trafficking.

Jingzhu Zhang1, Teerawit Supakorndej1, Joseph R Krambs1

  • 1Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|May 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone marrow dendritic cells (DCs) regulate hematopoietic stem cell trafficking. Ablating these DCs increases stem cell mobilization by altering vascular permeability via CXCR2 signaling.

Keywords:
Bone marrowDendritic cellsHematologyHematopoietic stem cellsStem cells

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In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow
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In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow
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Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow
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Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) reside in murine bone marrow, but their role in hematopoiesis and stem cell niche regulation is unclear.
  • Bone marrow DCs exhibit a type 2 conventional DC (cDC2) immunophenotype and distinct chemokine expression compared to splenic cDC2s.
  • A similar DC population exists in human bone marrow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of bone marrow dendritic cells (DCs) in regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) trafficking.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which DCs influence the bone marrow microenvironment and stem cell mobilization.

Main Methods:

  • Immunophenotyping and RNA expression analysis of murine bone marrow DCs.
  • Conditional ablation of conventional DCs (cDCs) in mice.
  • Assessment of HSPC mobilization, bone marrow vascular permeability, and endothelial cell responses.
  • In vitro treatment of endothelial cells with chemokines.
  • Analysis of HSPC mobilization in CXCR2-deficient mice.

Main Results:

  • Ablation of cDCs led to increased HSPC mobilization, surpassing that of macrophage ablation, and synergized with G-CSF.
  • cDC ablation caused endothelial cell expansion, increased vascular permeability, and elevated CXCR2 ligand expression (CXCL1, CXCL2).
  • CXCL1 induced vascular permeability and HSPC transmigration in vitro; HSPC mobilization was reduced in CXCR2-deficient mice.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow DCs are crucial regulators of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) trafficking.
  • DCs modulate HSPC mobilization partly through regulating sinusoidal CXCR2 signaling and vascular permeability.
  • These findings reveal a novel role for bone marrow DCs in maintaining stem cell homeostasis.