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Neurologic complications in children under five years with sickle cell disease

Aisha A Galadanci1, Michael R DeBaun2, Najibah A Galadanci3

  • 1Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.

Neuroscience Letters
|May 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Neurologic complications, including silent cerebral infarct and cognitive impairment, are common in children under five with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Identifying and managing modifiable risk factors is crucial for preventing brain dysfunction in these young patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a prevalent global genetic disorder impacting multiple organs.
  • Preventing end-organ dysfunction, especially in the brain, is a significant challenge in managing pediatric SCD.
  • Neurologic complications are frequent in children under five with SCD, including stroke, epilepsy, and encephalopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neurologic complications in children under five with SCD.
  • To describe modifiable risk factors for these complications.
  • To highlight differences in high versus low resource settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of the PubMed database.
  • Utilized Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords.
  • Focused on articles concerning neurologic complications in children under five with SCD.

Main Results:

  • Silent cerebral infarct and cognitive impairment are the most common neurologic complications in young children with SCD.
  • Neurologic complications may be underreported in this age group.
  • Modifiable risk factors and disparities between resource settings were examined.

Conclusions:

  • Neurologic complications in children under five with SCD are common and potentially underdiagnosed.
  • Silent cerebral infarct and cognitive impairment are key concerns.
  • Addressing modifiable risk factors is essential for improving outcomes in pediatric SCD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Children under five yearsNeurologic complicationsSickle cell disease

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