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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Enucleation of the Prostate for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Using a 980 nm Diode Laser
Published on: May 5, 2020
The Effect of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Controlled, Clinical
Mustafa Kadihasanoglu1, Mustafa Aydin2, Mehmet Taskiran3
1Department of Urology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, kadihasanoglu@gmail.com.
Background:
Although prostate cancer releases more prostate-specific antigen (PSA) per unit of prostate volume (PV), data are limited regarding the association between intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) and the PSA level.
Objectives:
The study aim was to evaluate the IPP effect in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Method:
This study included patients with (n = 119) and without (n = 121) IPP. The age, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), PSA level, maximum and average flow rates, PV, hematuria, urinary retention, and post-void residual (PVR) volume were compared between the 2 groups.
Results:
The mean ages were similar between the 2 groups (66.56 ± 8.67 and 66.92 ± 8.7 years, respectively, p = 0.747), and there were no statistically significant differences in the IPSS, maximum and average flow rates, hematuria, PVR volume, and urinary retention means (p > 0.05). However, the IPP patients had lower total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) levels than those without IPP (3.55 [4.18] vs. 5.26 [5.24] ng/mL, p = 0.013 and 0.7 [1.09] vs. 1.05 [1.23] ng/mL, p = 0.029, respectively). Moreover, there were strong positive correlations between the IPP grade and the tPSA and fPSA levels (r = 0.262, p = 0.001 and r = 0.254, p = 0.002 respectively).
Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that IPP results in a decreased PSA level, even with a higher PV.
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