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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Reduced Graphene Oxide Obtained by Hummers and Marcano-Tour Methods: Comparison of Electrical Properties
V M Boychuk1, V O Kotsyubynsky1, Kh V Bandura1
1Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano - Frankivsk, 76025, Ukraine.
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is the comparison of structural, morphological and electrical properties of graphene oxide synthesized by Hummers and Marcano-Tour approaches and reduced graphene oxide obtained by hydrothermal hydrazine-assisted route. Obtained materials were characterized by XRD, scanning electron microscopy, low temperature nitrogen absorption and impedance spectroscopy. It was determined that reduced graphene oxide obtained by Hummers route is formed by plate-like agglomerates with respectively short distance between graphene layers that consist of plate-like particles with smaller average diameter and larger average thickness. Reduced graphene oxide that was synthesized by Marcano-Tour method is mesoporous solid material and consists of randomly aggregated linear fragments of carbon packages. It was suggested that dominant charge transport mechanism for both graphene oxide samples was proton conductivity. Both: charge migrating in graphene fragments and the morphologically sensitive charge hopping between them were observed for reduced graphene oxide.
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