First muography of Stromboli volcano

Area of Science:

• Geophysics
• Particle Physics

Background:

• Muography utilizes cosmic-ray muons to image the Earth's interior.
• Volcanic edifices require advanced monitoring for stability and eruptive dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct the first nuclear emulsion muography experiment at Stromboli volcano.
• To investigate the internal structure of the volcanic edifice and its implications for stability.

Main Methods:

• Deployment of a 0.96 m² nuclear emulsion detector over five months.
• Analysis of muon absorption patterns to infer density variations.
• Utilizing cosmic-ray muons for passive imaging of the volcano's summit.

Main Results:

• Identification of a significant low-density zone at the Stromboli summit.
• Observed density contrast of 30-40% compared to surrounding bedrock.
• Muon data provided spatial resolution of tens of meters.

Conclusions:

• Muography can effectively image internal volcanic structures.
• The identified low-density zone may influence eruptive dynamics and slope stability.
• Periodic muographic imaging offers a valuable tool for monitoring volcanic evolution.