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Optical fiber-based sensing method for nanoparticle detection through supervised back-scattering analysis: a

Joana S Paiva1,2,3, Pedro A S Jorge1,2, Rita S R Ribeiro1

  • 1INESC Technology and Science, Porto, Portugal, jipaiva@inesctec.pt.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|May 2, 2019
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Summary

A new optical fiber technique accurately detects synthetic nanoparticles, crucial for identifying disease biomarkers like extracellular vesicles (EVs). This method offers a fast, low-cost solution for early disease diagnosis.

Keywords:
Brownian motiondiffusive analysisextracellular vesicles (EVs) detectionlight scattering effectslipoproteins detectionnanoparticlesnanoparticles detectionoptical fiber sensorsvirus detection

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Physics

Background:

  • Nanoparticle detection is vital for nanotechnology applications and understanding biological processes.
  • Naturally occurring nanostructures like extracellular vesicles (EVs) and lipoproteins are important biomarkers for human health.
  • Current methods struggle to detect nanoparticles below the diffraction limit, hindering early disease diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel method for detecting synthetic nanoparticles using optical fiber technology.
  • To assess the accuracy and sensitivity of this technique for identifying nanoparticles similar in size to biological structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a polymeric lensed optical fiber tip to collect back-scattered laser light from nanoparticle solutions.
  • Projected signal information into a lower dimensional space to create a discriminant function for detection.
  • Tested the method with 100 nm synthetic nanoparticles at various concentrations in distilled water.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 100% accuracy in detecting nanoparticles at concentrations ≥ 3.89 µg/mL (8.74E+10 particles/mL).
  • Demonstrated 90% accuracy for concentrations between 1.22E-03 µg/mL (2.74E+07 particles/mL) and 3.89 µg/mL.
  • The detected concentrations are comparable to physiological levels of EVs and lipoproteins in human plasma.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed optical fiber technique can detect synthetic nanoparticles comparable in size to clinically relevant biological nanostructures.
  • This method shows promise for developing innovative devices for detecting extracellular vesicles and other biological nanoparticles.
  • The technique's sensitivity aligns with physiological levels of key biomarkers, supporting its potential for early disease diagnosis.