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Subhertz interferometry at the quantum noise limit.

Peng Yang, Boya Xie, Sheng Feng

|May 2, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a subhertz interferometer achieving the standard quantum noise (shot-noise) limit for precise phase measurements. This breakthrough is crucial for applications like gravitational wave detection, pushing metrology beyond current limitations.

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Area of Science:

Quantum optics
Precision metrology
Interferometry

Background:

Subhertz phase measurement is critical for precision applications like gravitational wave detection.
Suppressing classical noises below the shot-noise limit at low frequencies remains a significant practical challenge.
Two-frequency interferometry offers a potential method to mitigate low-frequency noise.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate a subhertz interferometer operating at the standard quantum noise (shot-noise) limit.
To achieve phase measurement below 1 Hz Fourier frequencies at the shot-noise level.
To enable future advancements in interferometry beyond the shot-noise limit.

Main Methods:

Utilizing dual-frequency coherent probe light as input.
Employing phase-sensitive heterodyne detection for output measurement.
Locking the interferometer at a dark fringe to minimize noise.

Main Results:

The interferometer successfully reached the shot-noise limit for phase variance.
This performance was achieved down to Fourier frequencies below 1 Hz.
Demonstrated the feasibility of subhertz interferometry at the quantum noise limit.

Conclusions:

The developed subhertz interferometer meets the standard quantum noise limit.
This work provides a foundation for developing interferometers that surpass the shot-noise limit.
The technique is highly relevant for precision metrology and gravitational wave detection.