Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
Published on: September 16, 2025
Wavefront sensing applied to determine the temperature dependence of the refractive index of liquids
Abstract:
A method based on wavefront sensing is described to determine the temperature dependence of the refractive index of liquids. The technique only implies measuring the wavefront of a light beam passing through a micro-vessel containing the liquid. Here, this vessel is a crater made by CO2 laser processing in a fused silica plate. From the wavefront analysis, the optical path that is related to the refractive index of the liquid can be determined. This measurement can be done at different temperatures to obtain the temperature dependence of the refractive index. This method is applied to three liquids: water, ethanol, and cyclohexane at λ=630 nm. The results show a linear dependence in the range of 17°C-50°C and give coefficients dndT that are in good agreement with values from the literature.
Related Concept Videos
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
Temperature Dependent Deformation
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
Effects of Temperature on Free Energy
Introduction to Special Senses
Frequency-dependent Selection

