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Genetics and penile cancer: recent developments and implications.

Jad Chahoud¹, Curtis R Pickering², Curtis A Pettaway³

¹Department of Cancer Medicine.

Current Opinion in Urology

|May 3, 2019

Summary

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) shares molecular similarities with other squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers. This finding supports exploring targeted therapies and basket trials for PSCC.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Genomics
Molecular Biology

Background:

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare malignancy.
Understanding the molecular underpinnings of PSCC is crucial for advancing treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent developments in the molecular landscape of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC).
To highlight genomic and epigenetic similarities between PSCC and other cancers.

Main Methods:

Review of recent genomic and molecular studies on PSCC.
Analysis of gene alterations, epigenetic signatures, and tumor mutational burden.

Main Results:

PSCC exhibits molecular convergence with other squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and HPV-related cancers.
Predominant tumor suppressor gene alterations include TP53 and NOTCH1.
Approximately 30% of PSCC cases harbor targetable gene alterations.
High PD-1 expression suggests potential efficacy of PD-1 inhibition.

Conclusions:

PSCC's molecular profile supports its inclusion in 'basket trials' targeting similar SCCs.
Further validation of epigenetic and RNA signatures is needed for prognostic applications.