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Updated: Jan 25, 2026
08:39
Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
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Adaptive Radiotherapy for Bladder Cancer-A Systematic Review
Vickie C Kong1, Amy Taylor2, Tara Rosewall1
1Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada.
Summary
Adaptive radiotherapy strategies significantly reduce irradiated normal tissue in bladder cancer treatment. These methods improve treatment quality by accounting for daily bladder volume variations, outweighing extra resources needed.
Area of Science:
- Radiation Oncology
- Medical Physics
- Oncological Imaging
Background:
- Radiotherapy for bladder cancer often uses large margins (20-30 mm) due to bladder volume variations.
- This leads to unnecessary irradiation of surrounding normal tissues.
- Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) allows soft tissue visualization for adaptive planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review adaptive radiotherapy strategies for bladder cancer.
- To assess their efficacy in improving treatment quality.
- To identify methods for reducing irradiated normal tissue volume.
Main Methods:
- A literature search was conducted in May 2016.
- Identified 18 publications on adaptive strategies for bladder cancer.
- Focused on three main strategies: plan of the day, patient-specific planning target volume, and daily reoptimization.
Main Results:
- All reviewed adaptive strategies significantly reduced irradiated volumes compared to nonadaptive radiotherapy.
- The benefits of reduced irradiation outweighed the additional resources required.
- Significant improvements in treatment quality were observed.
Conclusions:
- Adaptive radiotherapy strategies offer substantial benefits in reducing normal tissue irradiation for bladder cancer patients.
- The choice of strategy depends on institutional resources and infrastructure.
- Individual assessment is needed to select the most feasible and effective adaptive approach.
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