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Related Concept Videos

Acid-Base Titration Curves02:23

Acid-Base Titration Curves

140.7K
A titration curve is a plot of some solution property versus the amount of added titrant. For acid-base titrations, solution pH is a useful property to monitor because it varies predictably with the solution composition and, therefore, may be used to monitor the titration’s progress and detect its endpoint. Acid-base titration can be performed with a strong acid and a strong base, a strong acid and a weak base, or a strong base and a weak acid.
For a titration carried out for 25.00 mL of...
140.7K
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

49.1K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
49.1K
Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base02:28

Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base

33.8K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Strong Acid/Strong Base
A titration is carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl (strong acid) with 0.100 M of a strong base NaOH. The pH at different volumes of added base solution can be calculated as follows:
(a) Titrant volume = 0 mL. The solution pH is due to the acid ionization of HCl. Because this is a strong acid, the ionization is complete and the hydronium ion molarity is 0.100 M. The pH of the solution is then:
33.8K
Titration of a Polyprotic Acid02:08

Titration of a Polyprotic Acid

104.2K
A polyprotic acid contains more than one ionizable hydrogen and undergoes a stepwise ionization process.  If the acid dissociation constants of the ionizable protons differ sufficiently from each other, then the titration curve for such polyprotic acid generates a distinct equivalence point for each of its ionizable hydrogens. Therefore, titration of a diprotic acid results in the formation of two equivalence points, whereas the titration of a triprotic acid results in the formation of three...
104.2K
Acid–Base Titration: Overview01:26

Acid–Base Titration: Overview

18.2K
An acid-base titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, using a titrant of known concentration–either a base for acid titration or an acid for base titration. The process involves gradually adding the titrant, leading to a predictable change in the pH of the solution. This change is plotted on a titration curve, showing how a solution's pH varies with the amount of titrant added. Such curves are instrumental in monitoring the...
18.2K
Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid01:18

Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid

5.4K
The titration of a polyprotic base such as sodium carbonate with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid results in two equivalence points on the titration curve. At the first equivalence point, the carbonate ions in the base are completely converted to bicarbonate ions. The second equivalence point corresponds to the complete conversion of bicarbonate ions to carbonic acid, which dissociates into carbon dioxide and water. The region before the first equivalence point corresponds to the...
5.4K

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Biochemical Titration of Glycogen In vitro
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Rapid evaluation of bioactive Ti-based surfaces using an in vitro titration method.

Weitian Zhao1, David Michalik2, Stephen Ferguson3,4

  • 1Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. weitian.zhao@epfl.ch.

Nature Communications
|May 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new rapid in vitro calcium titration method predicts implant bioactivity. Alkaline treatment of titanium surfaces is crucial for bone bonding, confirmed by various tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Predicting in vivo implant performance with in vitro methods is crucial for biomaterials research.
  • Simulated Body Fluids (SBFs) are commonly used to assess implant bone-bonding ability but have limitations.
  • Developing rapid, reliable in vitro assays is essential for efficient biomaterial evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, rapid in vitro calcium titration method for evaluating the in vivo bioactivity of implant materials.
  • To compare the efficacy of this new method with standard SBF tests, cell culture, and animal studies.
  • To identify key surface treatments that confer bioactivity to titanium implants.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a calcium titration assay for rapid in vitro bioactivity assessment.
  • Utilizing four distinct titanium surfaces subjected to different treatments (alkaline and heat).
  • Validation of the calcium titration method using standard SBF testing (ISO 23317), osteoblast cell cultures, and in vivo sheep pelvic models.

Main Results:

  • The calcium titration method successfully differentiated bioactive from non-bioactive titanium surfaces.
  • Alkaline treatment was identified as the critical surface modification for inducing titanium bioactivity.
  • Heat treatment showed no significant effect on the bioactivity of the titanium surfaces.
  • Bioactive titanium surfaces accelerated calcium phosphate nucleation and altered crystallization pathways during titration.

Conclusions:

  • The rapid in vitro calcium titration method provides a reliable and efficient alternative for predicting implant bioactivity.
  • Alkaline surface treatment is essential for enhancing the bone-bonding capability of titanium implants.
  • This method's findings are strongly supported by established in vitro and in vivo validation techniques.