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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
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Author Correction: Efficient electron transfer across hydrogen bond interfaces by proton-coupled and -uncoupled

Tao Cheng1, Dong Xue Shen1, Miao Meng1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, China.

Nature Communications
|May 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This article has been corrected to fix errors in symbols related to H_ab and k_ET data for Mo_2 dimers. The corrections apply to both PDF and HTML versions for accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Context:

  • The study focuses on the determination of H_ab and k_ET data for Molybdenum-Oxygen (Mo_2) dimers.
  • Accurate data representation is crucial for understanding chemical bonding and reactivity.

Purpose:

  • To correct errors in the previously published symbols for H_ab and k_ET data.
  • To ensure the scientific accuracy and reliability of the findings regarding Mo_2 dimers.

Summary:

  • The article has been updated to rectify inaccuracies in specific symbols within the Results and Discussion sections.
  • These corrections pertain to the determination of H_ab and k_ET data for Mo_2 dimers.

Impact:

  • Ensures the integrity of scientific data for researchers in materials science and computational chemistry.
  • Provides a reliable reference for future studies involving Molybdenum-Oxygen dimers and related chemical systems.