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The Acute Phase Proteins Reaction in Children Suffering from Pseudocroup
Beata Pucher1, Magdalena Sobieska2, Michal Grzegorowski1
1Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Szpitalna 27/33, Poland.
Insights
This study found that children with pseudocroup (a type of croup) exhibit a low-intensity inflammatory response. Acute phase protein glycosylation suggests a chronic inflammatory process, with persistent signs observed even after treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Clinical Immunology
Background:
- Pseudocroup (laryngotracheobronchitis) is a common pediatric respiratory illness.
- Understanding the inflammatory response in pseudocroup is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the inflammatory reaction in children with pseudocroup.
- To compare inflammatory markers with other laryngological diseases.
- To analyze acute phase protein (APP) levels and glycosylation profiles.
Main Methods:
- Studied 51 hospitalized children with pseudocroup.
- Measured acute phase proteins (CRP, AT, ACT, AGP, Cp, Tf, A2M, Hp) at three time points.
- Analyzed glycosylation profiles of AGP, ACT, and Tf.
Main Results:
- Elevated alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in girls; altered AGP glycosylation variants in both sexes.
- Decreased transferrin (Tf) concentration and T4 variant compared to controls.
- Reduced alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) post-treatment; decreased haptoglobin (Hp) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AT) later.
- Altered alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) glycosylation in boys.
Conclusions:
- The inflammatory reaction in pseudocroup is generally of low intensity.
- APP glycosylation patterns suggest an underlying chronic inflammatory process.
- Follow-up revealed persistent inflammatory signs, indicating a need for further investigation.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the inflammatory reaction in children with pseudocroup and compare it with other laryngological diseases according to the available literature data. The study group included 51 children hospitalized because of pseudocroup. The measurements of the acute phase proteins (APP), such as C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AT), alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), and haptoglobin (Hp) were obtained at 3 time points. The glycosylation profiles of AGP, ACT, and Tf were completed. An increased AGP level was observed in girls. The AGP glycosylation revealed the advantage of the W0 variant over the W1 variant. W1 and W2 were decreased in boys. W3 emerged in boys. The Tf concentration and T4 variant were lower compared to the control group. The A2M level was lower after treatment. The Hp and AT levels were decreased a few weeks later. The ACT glycosylation revealed a decrease of the A4 variant in boys. In conclusion, the inflammatory reaction during pseudocroup was of low intensity. The APP glycosylation suggested a chronic process. In a follow-up investigation, no normalization of the parameters was noted, but signs of persistent inflammation were observed.
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