A very rare case of scrofuloderma with multiple cervical lymphadenitis tuberculosis

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Scrofuloderma is a secondary cutaneous tuberculosis manifestation.
• It typically involves lymph nodes, bones, or joints with bluish-red nodules and tissue disruption.

Observation:

• A 10-year-old boy presented with cervical and axillary ulcers, initially papules progressing to nodules and pustules.
• Symptoms included chronic cough, but chest X-ray and sputum smears were negative for tuberculosis.

Findings:

• Histopathology revealed epidermal necrosis, granulomatous tissue, abscess, and histiocyte infiltrates, confirming scrofuloderma.
• CT scan showed enlarged cervical lymph nodes, and Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) suggested tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering scrofuloderma in pediatric patients with atypical skin lesions.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate anti-tuberculosis treatment are crucial for successful management and resolution of cutaneous tuberculosis.