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Fine-scale diversity patterns in belowground microbial communities are consistent across kingdoms.

Anders Bjørnsgaard Aas1, Carrie J Andrew1, Rakel Blaalid2

  • 1Section of Genetic and Evolution Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

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|May 4, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Belowground microbial communities in alpine plants show similar spatial patterns for bacteria and fungi. Deterministic processes significantly influence microbial community structure and assembly, even at small scales.

Keywords:
Bistorta viviparacommunity assemblyroot-associated bacteriaroot-associated fungispatial autocorrelationvertical transmission

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Plant-microbe interactions
  • Alpine ecosystems

Background:

  • The belowground environment is a complex mosaic of niches for microbes.
  • Understanding microbial community assembly belowground is crucial.
  • Key questions involve differential fungal and bacterial community assembly and root colonization mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize microbial community composition in roots and soil of Bistorta vivipara.
  • To investigate spatial patterns and assembly mechanisms of bacterial and fungal communities at fine spatial scales.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing of 16S (bacteria) and ITS1 (fungal) ribosomal RNA genes.
  • Analysis of microbial communities in roots and adjacent soil within a 4 m2 alpine plot.
  • Examination of beta-diversity, spatial structure, and distance-decay relationships.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial and fungal communities exhibited consistent beta-diversity patterns at fine spatial scales, with greater compositional change in bacteria.
  • Similar spatial structure and distance-decay relationships were observed for both microbial groups.
  • Significant spatial structure was detected for root-associated microbes at <50 cm, but not for soil microbes.
  • Limited recruitment of root microbes from the soil community was observed, suggesting alternative assembly pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Deterministic processes play a significant role in belowground microbial community structure and assembly.
  • Viviparous plants may utilize varied methods for microbial community assembly, including recruitment from low-abundance soil populations, neighboring plants, or vertical transmission.
  • Spatial scale is a critical factor in understanding belowground microbial ecology.