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Variation in state-specific infant mortality risks.

J S Marks, J W Buehler, L T Strauss

    Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
    |March 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Infant mortality risks vary significantly by state, with the highest risk state nearly three times greater than the lowest. State-level disparities in infant mortality exceed international differences.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Demography

    Background:

    • Infant mortality remains a critical public health concern.
    • Significant state-specific variations in infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality exist within the United States.
    • Understanding these variations is crucial for targeted interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze state-specific variations in infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality.
    • To identify factors contributing to differential risks of infant death across states.
    • To compare US state disparities with international benchmarks.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized data from the National Infant Mortality Surveillance project.
    • Examined the 1980 birth cohort for infant mortality risk assessment.

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  • Calculated mortality risk ratios comparing high-risk and low-risk states.
  • Main Results:

    • The highest risk state exhibited an infant mortality risk nearly three times that of the lowest risk state.
    • Risk ratios of two or greater were observed for various subgroups including black infants, neonatal mortality, and low birth weight infants.
    • Lowest state-specific black infant mortality risks exceeded highest white infant mortality risks.
    • State-level mortality risk differences surpassed those between the US and Scandinavian countries.

    Conclusions:

    • Substantial and concerning state-level disparities exist in US infant mortality.
    • Racial disparities are evident, with black infants facing higher risks even in lower-risk states.
    • Interventions must address state-specific factors to reduce infant mortality inequities.